Alberto Rosso, Orsay
It is known that at equilibrium, collective phenomena -like continuous phase transitions- display universal behaviour when approaching the critical point. In out-of-equilibrium systems, universality is also expected -and observed- when the dynamics proceeds by large reorganizations called avalanches. However the physics behind these latter phenomena is much richer than their equilibrium counterpart. In particular, we will show that memory effects generically induce a novel and non-stationary avalanche dynamics which captures many features of earthquakes statistics.